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Former President Donald J. Trump and his allies have spent weeks portray Nikki Haley as a bleeding coronary heart on immigration as he seeks to dispatch her as his final remaining rival for the 2024 Republican nomination.
In Mr. Trump’s telling, Ms. Haley, a former governor of South Carolina and the daughter of Indian immigrants, is a “globalist” who flip-flopped on her assist for Mr. Trump’s hard-line insurance policies earlier than she served as his ambassador to the United Nations. Forward of a showdown between the 2 candidates in South Carolina’s main on Feb. 24, his surrogates have accused her of being a secret liberal who helps open borders and received’t do sufficient to curb the flows of migrants and refugees into the nation.
But it surely’s a portrait practically unrecognizable to many who knew her as governor: the Republican state lawmakers who counted on her assist for immigration restrictions; the longtime immigrant rights activists in South Carolina who fought her on laws; the conservative spiritual leaders who had been disillusioned together with her opposition to permitting Syrian refugees to resettle within the state. Mr. Trump’s assaults are difficult by her file as a staunch conservative on the difficulty, they mentioned, whilst she maintained assist for authorized immigration when her get together shifted its focus towards extra excessive immigration cuts.
Larry Grooms, a South Carolina state senator who in 2011 helped lead the passage of the immigration restrictions Ms. Haley now promotes on the path, mentioned it has been disheartening to listen to Republican colleagues who had been within the trenches with him on that legislation now participate in Mr. Trump’s assaults in opposition to her on the difficulty.
“It was one of many hardest battles that I ever fought within the Legislature, and if it wasn’t for Nikki Haley rolling up her sleeves and pushing the ball, it might haven’t handed,” he mentioned, calling distortions of her file flawed and “unfair.” He has endorsed Ms. Haley.
From the time she entered politics in 2004, Ms. Haley has held views on immigration which have remained largely constant, based on a evaluate of her previous statements, legislative file and interviews with each supporters and detractors. She has lengthy been in favor of enhancing authorized pathways to the US, whereas aggressively curbing unlawful ones. And she or he usually frames her beliefs in her personal origins.
“I’m the proud daughter of authorized immigrants — emphasis on the authorized,” she wrote in her 2012 memoir, “Can’t Is Not an Possibility.” Her dad and mom, she wrote, left prosperous lives in India earlier than finally migrating to Canada and the US, although she and her workers have declined to supply particulars.
As a state lawmaker in 2008, Ms. Haley backed laws that made South Carolina the primary state to explicitly prohibit undocumented college students from enrolling in public schools and universities. But it surely was the powerful immigration measures she signed in 2011 that pushed South Carolina into the nationwide highlight. On the time, a faction of the conservative Tea Social gathering motion that helped propel her personal rise in politics was fueling a broader wave of crackdowns throughout the Solar Belt simply as states within the Deep South had been seeing an increase of their small Latino populations.
The South Carolina measures, which had been modeled after the strict “show-me-your-papers” legislation in Arizona and went nearly simply as far, prompted a lawsuit from the Obama administration whereas fueling considerations that it might encourage racial and ethnic profiling of Latinos. It additionally barred skilled licenses for undocumented immigrants, protecting even those that attended personal or out-of-state schools from some professions within the state.
Mr. Grooms mentioned Ms. Haley helped carry members of her get together in line within the remaining push to get it handed. Tom Davis, a Republican state senator in South Carolina who helps Ms. Haley’s presidential bid, pointed to her seal of approval for the invoice for instance that Mr. Trump’s assertions about her file had been “pure fiction.”
“Anyone who appears at Nikki Haley’s file and says that she’s progressive or says that she’s not conservative simply isn’t doing their homework,” he mentioned.
And but, Ms. Haley grew to become caught within the altering headwinds of her get together on immigration as reform offers broke down in Congress and the immigration hawks of her get together moved additional proper.
In 2015, Ms. Haley confronted a backlash from native Republicans for supporting the efforts of religion teams to resettle individuals in South Carolina. She finally took an aggressive stance in opposition to resettling Syrians in her state after terror assaults in Paris that very same 12 months, citing gaps in intelligence that might make the vetting course of tough.
The subsequent 12 months, Ms. Haley delivered the Republican response to President Obama’s remaining State of the Union tackle. She urged in opposition to following “the siren name of the angriest voices” and prolonged a welcoming hand to immigrants who observe the principles — a transfer lots of her Republican critics nonetheless see as a rebuke of Mr. Trump’s demonizing rhetoric on the marketing campaign path.
Lee Shiny, a former state senator who’s unaligned within the 2024 race, contended that Ms. Haley was extra conservative on the difficulty when she entered the State Home however appeared to develop into extra liberal with time. Throughout the debate over Syrian refugees, he recalled, she was mentioned to have doomed the prospects of 1 invoice that will have held aid organizations chargeable for violent acts dedicated within the U.S. by anybody they sponsored.
Now, he argues, Ms. Haley is taking extra credit score than she deserves for the hard-line laws that Republican state lawmakers had written.
“President Trump is precisely proper,” he mentioned, she is “a flip-flopper.”
Campaigning in her house state, Ms. Haley has been extra forcefully firing again in opposition to assaults on her file, although she is dealing with an uphill battle. Mr. Trump, who continues to dominate by double-digits in South Carolina polls, has greater than 80 present and former Republican state officers endorsing his marketing campaign, together with Gov. Henry McMaster and Senators Lindsey Graham and Tim Scott.
In current days, she has argued that as she was signing that 2011 laws, Mr. Trump was “nonetheless a New York liberal” donating to Democrats like Vice President Kamala Harris. She has known as him “irresponsible” for his current intervention in a Republican-led immigration deal in Congress, stalling progress because the disaster on the border mounts.
She nonetheless expresses assist for revamping authorized immigration avenues, primarily based on enterprise wants and benefit, and strengthening the asylum system that she says protects persecuted individuals just like the Afghan interpreters who aided her husband, Maj. Michael Haley, whereas he was abroad. However her stances on unlawful immigration have stored tempo with the brand new conservative extremes of her get together beneath Mr. Trump: She has expressed assist for deploying the army in opposition to Mexican drug cartels, limiting birthright citizenship and sending hundreds of thousands of migrants again to their house nations.
She does again the Deferred Motion for Childhood Arrivals program, or DACA, which grants work permits and short-term authorized standing for 570,000 individuals introduced into the US as youngsters. However she calls it the “carrot” to the stick that have to be used to push for a broader and extra hard-line overhaul of immigration legal guidelines.
Mr. Trump, in advertisements, interviews and rallies, is promising a return to his personal hard-line insurance policies if elected, and has escalated his rhetoric in regards to the southern border, describing undocumented immigrants as “poisoning the blood of our nation.”
The impression of the curbs South Carolina put in place in 2011 is tough to quantify. Federal courts blocked some features, together with the provisions that required legislation enforcement officers to test some individuals’s immigration standing on routine stops and immigrants to hold federal registration paperwork. However a portion of the legislation that demanded unlawful immigrants be transferred from state to federal custody was upheld.
The key provision left untouched to today mandates that companies confirm that their employees are within the nation legally. However a 2018 research by the Cato Institute, a libertarian analysis heart, discovered that it had severe issues as a result of it misidentified a small variety of authorized employees as undocumented, imposed costly prices and regulatory burdens on companies, and spurred a black market of doc forgery and id theft.
In interviews, Mexican immigrant college students and activists, some who had been undocumented, recalled dwelling in worry of authorities, hardly leaving their houses and staying alert for raids, throughout Ms. Haley’s two phrases in workplace.
Erika Hernandez Perez, 26, a DACA recipient who had been enrolled in cosmetology lessons, mentioned her profession desires had been crushed when she was barred from acquiring her license in 2015, as South Carolina, beneath Ms. Haley, fell amongst states that held out in totally recognizing the DACA program..
She ended up going to work for her dad and mom’ meals truck and saving sufficient cash to open up her personal restaurant in Greenville that serves up her native Oaxacan meals.
“I perceive her stance on unlawful immigration as a result of, like she has mentioned earlier than, her dad and mom got here right here legally,” she mentioned of Ms. Haley. However she added that she additionally wished Ms. Haley had extra sympathy for younger immigrants whose dad and mom weren’t rich or extremely educated.
Diana Mesa, 21, who was in center college in 2011, remembers tensions in her small Latino neighborhood in Spartanburg, S.C., amid the crackdown. She had been born in Guanajuato, Mexico, and moved to South Carolina as a toddler after her father secured a job at a BMW manufacturing unit. Although she and her dad and mom had authorized standing, different family members didn’t, and so they usually needed to be careful for each other, she mentioned.
“It actually was a preview,” she recalled, of what was to return beneath Mr. Trump.
Susan C. Beachy contributed analysis. Audio produced by Parin Behrooz.
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